A Swedish retrospective cohort study investigated the risk of developing melanoma in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients compared with the population living in the same area. In total, 6280 patients with AD were evaluated during a mean follow-up of 36.7 years. Six AD patients with melanoma were identified and the incidence rate ratio (IRR) was 0.49 (p=0.08) for the AD group compared with the total population of the region. AD seems to confer a low risk of melanoma development compared to the general population (Synnerstad, I. et al. 17th Congr Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol (EADV) (Sept. 17-21, Paris) 2008, Abst. W35.1).