The efficacy of wet-wrap treatment (WWT) in decreasing Staphylococcus aureus colony counts in patients with severe atopic dermatitis (AD) was confirmed in a recent study performed in the United States, which also investigated a potential role for antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in the clearance of S. aureus following WWT. Administration of WWT (twice a day for 7 days) significantly decreased S. aureus colony counts in samples from 6 pediatric patients with severe AD. Serum chemokine (MDC/CCL22 and TARC/CCL17) levels were also significantly reduced post-WWT. Skin AMPs (hBD-3 and LL-37) measured in the subjects before and after WWT did not show a significant change in mRNA expression levels. However, a strong inverse correlation ...